關于變頻技術在電梯(ti)運行(xing)中的(de)應用研究
對于載重大、速(su)(su)度高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)梯，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)運(yun)行效(xiao)率，精確平(ping)(ping)層、平(ping)(ping)穩(wen)拖動、節約電(dian)(dian)能具有(you)(you)重要意義。變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)技術的(de)(de)應用，使現代電(dian)(dian)梯的(de)(de)運(yun)行控(kong)制比(bi)傳統電(dian)(dian)梯有(you)(you)了飛躍發展，性能完(wan)全達(da)到(dao)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)梯的(de)(de)水平(ping)(ping)，但它較直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)梯具有(you)(you)體積小、重量輕、效(xiao)率高(gao)(gao)、節能等一(yi)系列優點。VVVF電(dian)(dian)梯有(you)(you)兩(liang)種控(kong)制方(fang)式：一(yi)種是U/f=const的(de)(de)普(pu)通變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)調速(su)(su)方(fang)式，多用在2m/s以下的(de)(de)中(zhong)速(su)(su)梯；在高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)梯上主(zhu)要采用矢量控(kong)制方(fang)式，速(su)(su)度高(gao)(gao)達(da)6m/s，還有(you)(you)少數廠家正(zheng)在開發直(zhi)接力(li)矩(ju)自調整(zheng)VVVF變(bian)(bian)頻(pin)驅(qu)動系統，使電(dian)(dian)梯電(dian)(dian)力(li)驅(qu)動系統進入(ru)一(yi)個更高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)水平(ping)(ping)。
變壓(ya)變頻(pin)調(diao)速(su)系(xi)統，是通過(guo)整流把50Hz或60Hz頻(pin)率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變換成恒定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，逆變器再把它轉(zhuan)換成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)(he)頻(pin)率均可調(diao)節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)來驅動(dong)(dong)異步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)，實(shi)現對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)速(su)度和(he)(he)(he)轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)力矩的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)續調(diao)節，再與16位(wei)(wei)或32位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)機(ji)聯機(ji)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)在運行中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)速(su)、高速(su)、減(jian)(jian)速(su)、平層(ceng)等多個階(jie)段，轉(zhuan)矩及速(su)度都得到(dao)了精(jing)確(que)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)隨時維持(chi)在****的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運轉(zhuan)，更加(jia)(jia)有效利(li)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，節省(sheng)50%以上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)消耗(hao)和(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)容量設備，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)熱量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)散(san)發(fa)大幅(fu)度減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)且體積(ji)減(jian)(jian)到(dao)最(zui)小(xiao)，減(jian)(jian)小(xiao)了機(ji)房(fang)負載。選用(yong)旋轉(zhuan)編碼器進行連(lian)續精(jing)確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速(su)度反饋(kui)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)運轉(zhuan)提供最(zui)合適的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和(he)(he)(he)頻(pin)率。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門機(ji)采用(yong)變頻(pin)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)可使門的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開關操作更加(jia)(jia)靈敏，效率更高，噪音極(ji)低，增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人性化。
